Restaurant Business Plan: Restaurant Financial Plan

Building a restaurant business plan is an exciting time to imagine all the creative ways to bring your culinary vision to customers. Yet, the right financial planning will be integral to the success of your restaurant.

This guide provides a deep dive into all the necessary financial planning required to get an accurate picture of your restaurant’s profit and loss potential. And, it even includes useful writing tips for making your restaurant’s financial plans a compelling read for potential investors.

What is a Financial Plan?

“Last but not least” is epitomized in restaurant financial plans. As the final section of a business plan, a restaurant cost analysis details the specific investments, risks, and rewards that come with owning a business.

Investors want a breakdown of your business’s spending in the first year and a cost comparison to the restaurant’s revenue. This includes fixed costs (like equipment, supplies, and loan payments) to variable costs (such as payroll and marketing).

The financial section of your business plan will include different reports that give investors a detailed look at your business’s projected performance. That way, the risks and rewards of investment are clear. You’ll need a break-even analysis, investment plan, profit & loss statement, and cash flow statement.

How Will Your Restaurant Secure Funding?

Startup funds, whether in the form of savings, personal loans, or investments, are required to start a restaurant. Before getting into the specifics of your financial plans, consider the different avenues to securing funding.

First, it's important to know how much funding you need. Research the average costs of starting the kind of restaurant you envision. Don’t forget to consider contingencies – it's smart to secure enough funding to support the restaurant for the long haul. Then, you can think about ways to access those funds, such as:

• Personal Loans

• Loans from private investors

• Friends or family funds

• Merchant cash advances

• Small business administration (SBA) loans

• Commercial real estate loans

• Equipment Financing

• Purchase order financing

Investors will also want to know the terms of their investment. Make sure to detail how you plan to repay loans and what return-on-investment early partners in the business can expect.

How Will Your Restaurant Break Even?

Breaking-even describes the month when your restaurant’s monthly expenses are less than its income. It can take anywhere from 6 months to several years for restaurants to break even, depending on the business model.

Break-Even Analysis

A break-even analysis is pretty simple – compare your projected revenue against your monthly expenses. You’ll have to engage in some informed estimation to determine sales projections. However, you should be able to get an accurate view of fixed and variable expenses before you open your doors. That way, you can tell your investors how long you can operate before becoming profitable, e.a. how long they can expect before seeing returns on investment.

How Can You Make Financial Projections?

There are a few different reports that investors will expect to be in every restaurant business plan. 

Investment Plan

In this section, explain how you will spend the initial investment you hope to receive in the first year. Include detailed expense plans for equipment, furniture and decor, payroll, legal fees, marketing, and contingency funds.

Projected Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement

Even without sales data, you can create a projected profit and loss statement for your restaurant’s business plan. Also called income statements or cash flow statements, a profit and loss statement will be useful throughout the life of your business. It helps you measure the financial health of your business and calculate your restaurant’s revenue.

Rather than starting with a timeframe, begin projecting your restaurant expenses and income by balancing the cost of goods sold against labor, operating costs, and occupancy costs like rent and insurance.

Restaurant Expenses to Keep in Mind

Accurately calculating food costs for your menu items is crucial – that way, as you project sales over time, you are getting an accurate idea of the costs and profits from those sales. Prime costs refer to the cost of food, labor, and supplies that go into each dish.

Operating costs are the expenses involved in day-to-day operations that are usually easy to control once the restaurant gets up and running. But, budgeting for supplies, repairs, and marketing can be tricky. Market research will help you to estimate operating costs accurately.

Occupancy costs, such as rent or mortgage, loan repayments, and insurance are fixed overhead costs. As you create a projected profit and loss statement, these costs will inform the sales and profits that are needed to keep the business running.

Finally - after researching and projecting expenses - you’re ready to think about a timeline for your profit and loss statement. Think about the location and market as you calculate sales projections over time. For instance, if your town has a lot of tourism in the summer, you can expect higher sales for those months. Then, maybe the same town shuts down for the winter – how will your peaks in sales balance the expenses of the slower seasons?

Repeat the process for each month of operations, projecting sales based on key performance indicators like the season, marketing, and the habits of local customers. Eventually, you’ll project a month where your sales outpace your spending – the result is a timeline to breaking even.

Writing Your Restaurant’s Financial Plans

Writing about finances can be challenging – here’s how you can make the details of your restaurant’s finances an interesting read.

• Always keep the audience in mind. Use some of the financial vocabulary introduced in this article and write specifically for your potential investors.

• Find your voice. This is YOUR business plan, after all. So remember to balance your unique style of writing (or speaking) with what your audience needs to hear.

• Keep it simple and clear. It's tempting to throw in lots of clever flourishes when writing, but clarity should be the number one priority when discussing the financial details of the business.

Financial Plan? Check.

Nailing down the financial component of your business plan can make or break the future of your business. It will help you successfully present to investors and give you a road map for your business's expenses. With this guide in hand, you can confidently tackle all the important financial details and see your dream restaurant come to fruition.

Related Business Plan Resources

• Restaurant Business Plan
• Restaurant Business Plan Executive Summary
• Restaurant Operations Plan
• Restaurant Industry Market Analysis
• Restaurant Management Team